Rwanda.Uyu munsi SHIKAMA turagutembereza mu gitabo cy’amateka y’u Rwanda : « Menya birambuye Nyakubahwa MBONYUMUTWA Dominiko, Perezida wa mbere wa Repubulika y’u Rwanda ; intwari yaharaniye ko abanyarwanda bose babona ubwigenge na Demukarasi»

Mbonyumutwa ni uwo  uri hagati

Nyuma y’inkuru twabagejejeho irebana n’ukuntu mu Rwanda hafashwe icyemezo kigayitse cyo gutaburura intwari ya Demukarasi MBONYUMUTWA Dominiko, twifuje no kubagezaho ubuzima bwa MBONYUMUTWA Dominiko uwo ariwe mu magambo arambuye kandi mu nyandiko yanditse mu kinyarwanda cyoroshye kandi cyumvikana ku buryo buri wese yayisoma aho yaba ari hose akayumva bitamugoye.

Kubera ukuntu SHIKAMA duha agaciro ntagereranywa abasomyi bacu, duhisemo kuyibagezaho mu kinyarwanda kuko nta gihamya ndakuka dufite yatwemeza ko abasomyi bose ba SHIKAMA bashobora kumva igifaransa, igiswayire n’icyongereza bitabagoye.

Ni muri uru rwego kuri uyu munsi tugiye kubatembereza mu gitabo cy’amateka menshi ku Rwanda. Mu kurambura iki gitabo gihatse ubukungu bw’abanyarwanda, duhisemo kubandikira ubuzima bw’iyi ntwari yaharaniye Demukarasi kandi ikaza no kubiherwa icyubahiro ishyingurwa ahayigenewe ariko FPR ikabihindura imfabusa.

Hari amakuru yavugaga ko impamvu bamutaburuye ngo hagombaga kubakwa umuturirwa mu rwego rw’ishoramari none dore imyaka ishize ari itatu nta n’ikamyo y’umucanga irahamenwa. Hari n’andi makuru ariko yakwiriye muri Gitarama yavugaga ko ngo Abapfumu ba Kagame bamutegetse gutaburura Mbonyumutwa ngo nibwo azabona amahoro n’ingoma ye ikaramba nk’iy’umwami w’abami Salomo!!!

Dominiko MBONYUMUTWA yakomokaga mu bwoko bw’ABAGESERA  bakomoka kuri KIMENYI wo mu Gisaka cy’imigongo ubu ni muri Kibungo. MBONYUMUTWA yavutse mu 1921 avukira ahitwa i Mwendo hakuno ya Kabagali mu gihugu hagati.

Iyi Mwendo iyo ujyayo unyura i Kirengeri ku muhanda mukuru wa Kigali-Butare ugacyamika ku mashuri abanza na paruwasi y’Aagatulika mu Byimana ugaterera aho bita ku Ruhinga ugakubanuka mu Rutagara uminutse umusozi wa Raruheshyi na Kanyamuniga aho uba wabereye Gafunzo na Buha ugahita uhinguka i Mwendo nko ku bilometero 8 uvuye i Kirengeri.  

Mbonyumutwa Dominiko akiri muto yahise yitandukanya na politiki y’ubuhake n’ubucakara yanga kujya guhakwa ku mutware w’umututsi yirengagije igitsure, gutsimbarara n’umuhate yashyirwagaho na nyina umubyara cyo kujyayo kuko Se yari yaritabye Imana Mbonyumutwa afite gusa imyaka umunani y’amavuko.

Mu kureba kure Mbonyumutwa yahisemo kujya kwiga ariko yasaga n’uwigeretseho umusaraba kuko ubwo yari ahisemo kutajya guhakwa ku mutware kandi byari itegeko. Umutware yamufashe nk’uwigometse ku butware bwe. Kubera iyi mpamvu umutware w’agasozi kubera uburakari bukabije yanyaze umuryango we inka zose bari boroye.

Mbonyumutwa arangije amashuri yisumbuye, yahawe dipolomu ya Moniteri ahita atangira umurimo wo kwigisha mu mashuri mu 1941. Mu mwaka w’1948 yahawe akazi ko kuba Komiseri mu biro by’ubutegetsi bw’Ababilgi i Gitarama mu Mujyi. Mu mpera z’umwaka 1’1952 yahise agirwa Sushefu wa sheferi ya Ndiza, iyi Ndiza ikaba igizwe n’agace kanini kuko ibumbiye hamwe Nyabikenke, Kibangu, Nyabinoni na za Nyakabanda.

 Guhera mu mwaka w’1957, ibiro by’abahutu byari bishinzwe iperereza byagaragaje ko bakwiye gutangira guharanira no gusaba uburenganzira bwabo banasaba ko hakurwaho ubukonde n’ubutegetsi bwa cyami bwari mu gihugu muri icyo gihe.

Mbonyumutwa afatanije n’abandi bo mu gihe cye barwanyije ubu buhake n’ubukonde na cyami bivuye inyuma bagamije guhuriza hamwe rubanda nyamwinshi y’abanyarwanda yari irembejwe n’ubwo butegetsi bwa cyami.

Abatware b’abatutsi bahise barwanya icyo gitekerezo cya Mbonyumutwa n’abo bari bafatanije batangira kubirwanya kandi bamwe banabigwamo. Abahutu bari intyoza n’inyaryenge kandi bari barize, benshi muri bo bishwe urw’agashinyaguro.

Niyo mpamvu ku italiki 01 Ugushyingo 1959, ubwo Mbonyumutwa Dominiko yari asohotse mu Misa muri Paruwasi Gatulika ya Byimana, insoresore z’abatutsi bo mu ishyaka U.N.A.R bamuteraniyeho bamwe baramukubita abandi bamutera amabuye.

Abaturage batuye Byimana na Gakurazo bongeramo amakabyankuru bavuga ko ngo Mbonyumutwa Dominiko yakubiswe urushyi asohotse mu Misa mu Byimana ngo rukirangira ruvuza umuhumetso urusaku rwarwo rugahita rwumvikanira ku Ndiza.

Iyi mvugo ishobora  kuba yerekana ibintu bibiri cyangwa se kimwe muri byombi : icya mbere ni uko iyi mvugo ishushanya ko Mbonyumutwa koko yari intwari n’umugabo w’ibakwe. Icya kabiri ni uko ashobora kuba yarakubiswe urushyi ruremereye cyane bishatse gusobanura ko abamukubise bari bafite ubugome ndengakamere kandi bugamije gukomeza kwimakaza Cyami no gukomeza kugira Abahutu abaja babo!!!

Umwe mu bamukubise ni umusaza ubu ngubu utuye i Kirengeri ariko ushaje cyane akaba asobanura ko impamvu bamukubise urushyi ngo yashakaga gukura abatutsi ku mbehe kandi aribo bavukanye imbuto ariko ibi bikaba atari byo kuko u Rwanda atari urw’abatutsi bonyine. Twese uko turi batatu dukwiye kurunganyaho uburenganzira. 

Ku bw’amahirwe n’Imana yaje kubanyura mu myanya y’intoki hanyuma iyo nkuru-mbi ihita itaha ku Ndiza aho yari abereye umutware ariko abaturage bo ku Ndiza bo amakuru yabagezeho ababwira ko umutware wabo Mbonyumutwa yishwe n’insoresore z’abatutsi.

Mu Ndiza aho yatwaraga, umuyobozi wundi waho yahise abwira abaturage uko byagenze nyuma y’ubwo bushotoranyi bugeretse ho no kwanga gusobanura impamvu bakubise umutware, ukwivumbura kw’abaturage kwahise gutangira kandi iyo myivumbagatanyo ihita ikwira igihugu cyose mu kanya gato ariko ahanini byakwirakwijwe cyane n’ibihuha byakwiriye igihugu cyose.

 Ibi nibyo byaje kwitwa mu mateka y’u Rwanda impinduramatwara igamije imibereho-myiza ya rubanda mu Rwanda mu 1959 ari nayo yaje gukuraho burundu ubwami n’ubukonde, n’ubugererwa bituma habaho ishingwa rya Repubulika y’u Rwanda.

Nyuma haje kuba amatora aziguye hatorwa Mbonyumutwa Dominiko mu buryo bwa Demukarasi aba abaye Perezida wa mbere w’u Rwanda guhera ku italiki 28 Mutarama 1961 kugeza ku italiki 26 Ukwakira 1961. Kuri iyi taliki nibwo yahaye ubutegetsi Gerigori KAYIBANDA.

Icyo gihe Mbonyumutwa yahise agirwa Visi Perezida w’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire aba na Perezida w’urugereko rwarwo rwa kabiri rwakoreraga i Nyanza ya Butare. Mu 1964, Mbonyumutwa yatorewe kuba umudepite (intumwa ya rubanda) ku itike ya MDR Parmehutu ku butegetsi bwa Gerigori Kayibanda.

Mu 1969, ishyaka rya MDR Parmehutu ryajemo amacakubiri bituma Mbonyumutwa arihezwamo binatuma manda ye yo kuba Intumwa ya Rubanda irangirira aho bitewe n’uko muri MDR bamushinje guta umurongo ishyaka ryagenderagaho.

 Iyo politiki yarimo umuraba yarakomeje igera mu 1973, ari nabwo Perezida mushya w’u Rwanda muri icyo gihe wari umaze imyaka 4 kuko yafashe ubutegetsi ku italiki ya 05 Nyakanga 1973, ubwo Habyarimana yahise agira Mbonyumutwa chancelier des ordres nationaux aka kazi akaba yaragakoze kugeza ku italiki 26 Nyakanga 1986 ari nayo taliki yitabyeho Imana azize uburwayi.

Leta ya Habyarimana yahise itegura umuhango wo kumushyingura mu cyubahiro gikomeye mu rwego rwa Leta akaba yarashyinguwe ku italiki ya 01 Kanama 1986 muri sitade yitiriwe iya Demukarasi  mu mujyi rwagati wa Gitarama.

Kuri iyo sitadi niho ibitekerezo byo guharanira Repubulika no guca ubwami n’ubukonde byatangiriye ku italiki 28 Mutarama 1961kandi mu babitangije Mbonyumutwa yari ku isonga nyuma yo gutangaza ku mugaragaro ko baciye ubwami bwo mu gisekuru cyimwe. Kuri iyi sitadi ya Demukarasi i Gitarama kandi niho yatangarije ko ariwe Perezida wa mbere wa Repubulika y’u Rwanda.  

Ku ngoma ya FPR, mu nama y’abaminisitiri yateranye ku italiki 29 Mutarama 2010, ku mpamvu za politiki, bemeje ko Sitadi ya Demukarasi ikurwa  mu mutungo rusange wa Leta igashyirwa mu mutungo bwite wa Leta. Nk’uko twabibandikiye mu nkuru yabivugagaho, umurambo wa Mbonyumutwa Dominiko washimuswe mu ijoro ry’italiki ya 01 rishyira italiki ya 02 Gicurasi 2010 bikozwe na Mutakwasuku Meya wa Muhanga akoresheje abanyururu bafungiwe muri gereza ya Gitarama ku mategeko ya FPR.

Byahinduwe mu Kinyarwanda na www.shikamaye.blogspot.no  Taliki 23 Mutarama 2014 saa 02h15min

Source: « Shingiro MBONYUMUTWA, Rwanda. A quand la démocratie ? 2 guerres civiles sur 1 génération, Paris, Editions L’Harmattan, 2009 ».