Ibendera ry'u Rwanda ryazamuwe igihe cy'ubwigenge |
Nubwo
FPR Inkotanyi imaze iminsi ikoresha
utwarasisi hirya no hino mu gihugu ndetse no mu bambari bayo bari mu mahanga
ngo irizihiza isabukuru y'imyaka 25 imaze ishinzwe, abayizi mu mavuka muri 1959
no mabyiruka ,
bemeza ko yageze ku irunduro nkuko Kagame aherutse kuburira abambari bayo
ko bageze kuri MUTELEMUKO( aharindimuka).Uyu mutwe rero wa MAFIA ukaba ugomba
guhagurutswa ku ntebe y'ikinyoma na Revolisiyo" IKARAMU."
Mbere ya
byose ndagirango twumvikane ku magambo turi bukoreshe tutazakomeza kugwa mu
mitego y'udutsiko duharanira inyungu zatwo, buri gihe twitwaza amoko ngo tugere
ku migambi yatwo mibisha.
1.Ishyaka UNAR: ishyaka ry'agatsiko kaharaniraga
ko ubwami bugumaho muri 1959 mu Rwanda, aha ntihagire uvuga ko ryari ishyaka
ry'abatutsi kuko bose siko bari baririmo, hari abari mu yandi mashyaka nka
RADER; 2. Muri 1987 UNAR yiyuburuyemo
FPR nayo ikaba ari ishyaka
ry'agatsiko k'abasahuzi kabeshya ko
kavugira abatutsi ariko byagaragaye ko gaharanira inyungu zako bwite n'iza
ba Kozivuze Rutemayeze. Niyo mpamvu rero nza gukoresha imvugo udutsiko
aho gukoresha amoko kuko abo bombi nta bwoko na bumwe bahagarariye mu Rwanda;
3. FPR ni Kagame na Kagame akaba FPR.
1.
UNAR(RANU) ivuka.
Uwavuga ko FPR ari ishyaka rishya yaba
yibeshya cyane! Muby' ukuri iri shyaka ryavutse mu nkundura y'amashyaka yo muri
1955-1959 hamwe na za APROSOMA(
Association Pour la Promotion de la Masse)
yashinzwe kuri 1/11/1957, RADER(
Rassemblement Démocratique Républicain) yavutse kuri 14/9/1959, MDR
PARMEHUTU(Le Parti du Mouvemnt Pour l'émancipation Hutu) yavutse kuri
18/10/1959 yaje kuvamo Mouvement démocratique Républicain (MDR PARMEHUTU) kuri
8/5/1960.
Naho ishyaka rya
UNAR(Union Nationale Rwandaise) rikaba ryaravutse kuri 3/9/1959,
abaturage basanzwe bakaba bararyitaga LUNARI
mu kinyarwanda; rikaba ryari
ritsimbaraye ku bwami ariko hakabaho ubwigenge.
Iri shyaka ryagiye rirangwa n'ubutagondwa bukabije mu buyobozi no mu bayoboke ku buryo ku italiki ya 1/11/1959, abasore
b'abatutsi bigabije umwe mu basushefu b'abahutu bari baratowe bwa mbere mu
mateka y'i Bwami, muri 1956, ariwe Mbonyumutwa Dominiko bashaka kumwica nkuko bari bamaze iminsi babikorera abahutu banyuranye hirya no hino mu gihugu, ariko
kubera ko yari umugabo w'ibigango abasha kubacika. Nibwo hakwiriye mu gihugu
hose inkuru ivuga ko Mbonyumutwa yishwe, hatangira imidugararo mu gihugu hose
kuva ubwo, abantu baricwa , inzu ziratwikwa, ibi bikaba byarakomeje kugeza kuri
1/7/1962, italiki y'ubwigenge bw'u Rwanda.
Nanone twabibutsa ko iri shyaka ariryo ryanze
ibyari byavuye mu matora ya Kamarampaka
yo muri 25/9/1961 rifantanyije na RADER, iyi Kamarampaka ikaba yerekanaga ko
abanyarwanda badashaka ingoma ya gihake, ahubwo bashaka Demokrasi muri Republika.
Abari batsimbaraye ku matwara y'iri shyaka rya LUNARI nibo bahungiye mu mahanga
bakomeza gukora uko bashoboye kugirango basubirane ubutegetsi ku ngufu. Aha
niho havuye ibitero byabiyise Inyenzi( Ingangurarugo ziyemeje kuba ingenzi) byibasiye za Nshili,
Bweyeye, Bugesera, Bugarama, Ibirunga,
n'ahandi henshi kuva muri 1962 nyuma y'amezi ane y'ubwigenge kugeza muri 1967.
2.
UNAR(NARU) yiyubururamo FPR
UNAR, imaze
gutsindwa yaje kwicamo ibice, bimwe bikorera mu Burundi, ibindi muri Uganda,
Tanzania na Kenya; aba bakoreraga mu bihugu bivuga icyongereza nka Uganda
bitaga UNAR, NARU. Kugirango kariya gatsiko kashakaga
kugaruka ku butegetsi kabigereho, kashishikarije abasore b'abanyarwanda
babaga mu nkambi z'impunzi mu bihugu
bihana imbibe n'u Rwanda, kujya ku rugamba rwo gushyira umuhima Kaguta Yoweri Museveni ku butegetsi ari nako
biyegeranya ngo bongere bunge bya bice binyuranye bya UNAR( NARU) maze
bazongere batere u Rwanda basubirane ubutegetsi ku ngufu. Niyo mpamvu ibyo bice
binyuranye bya UNAR byateraniye muri Kongere idasanzwe i Nairobi bakiga uburyo
bashyiraho biro politike yo gushaka uko bashora intambara mu Rwanda ngo bagere
ku butegetsi.
Ubuyobozi bw'iyo
biro politike bwahise buhabwa Tito Rutaremara, uyu akaba yarahise
ajya muri Uganda mu Gushyingo 1987 kubonana n'ubuyobozi bukuru bwa NRM(
National Resistance Movement) , ishyaka rya Museveni wari umaze umwaka
afashe ubutegetsi muri Uganda abifashijwemo n'abanyarwanda b'impunzi. Icyo gihe
Tito RUTAREMARA n'umunyamabanga
mukuru w'ishyaka, MOROVE Protazi bumvishijwe ko abatutsi bafite imyanya
ikomeye mu bihugu barimo batayita aribo bagomba guha ubushobozi urugamba no
kuzavamo abakada(Cadres) nyuma y'intsinzi, ahubwo bakohereza
abanyeshuri bakajya mu nkambi z'impunzi aho ziri hose muri Uganda n'ahandi
bagashaka abasore bajya ku rugamba.
Aba banyeshuri batanze raporo yabo mu Gushyingo
1987 yemerwa na kongre ya Kane
ya UNAR yo kuri 24-26 Kuboza
1987 yabereye i Kampala, ari nayo yahise itegeka ko
ibyiza ari uko iryo shyaka ryahindura izina kubera isura mbi ryasize mu mitwe
y'abanyarwanda maze rikitwa RPF
( Rwanda Patriotic Front) nk'ishyaka n'umutwe wa gisirikare witwa RPA(Rwanda
Patriotic Army), bagashyiraho n'akazina
k'ikinyarwanda kereka abanyarwanda abo aribo:"INKOTANYI", iri rikaba ari izina ry'iribyiniriro ryahimbwe Umwami Rwabugiri(wategetse u Rwanda 1853-1895) kubera intambara z'urudaca yagiye ashoza hirya no hino cyane cyane mu bihugu byari muri Uganda y'ubu n'ibindi byari muri RDCongo y'ubu.
Uyu Rwabugiri, akaba yarayogoje amahanga, akica abantu batabarika ngo aragura u Rwanda.
Ariko amaze gupfa aho yari yarafashe hose muri Uganda, Republika iharanira
Demokrasi ya Congo, na Tanzania hambuwe u Rwanda, ndetse ibihugu byinsi byo mu
majyaruguru y'U Rwanda (Ruhengeri na Gisenyi) byigomeka ku mwami w'u Rwanda
Musinga, wifashishije abadage ngo agaruze turiya turere.Aba banyarwanda rero
bita FPR Inkotanyi bacaga amarenga y'ibyo bari bagiye gukorera u Rwanda: kumena amaraso nka
Rwabugiri utaratinye no kwica nyina Murorunkwere, bene se batatu , baramu be,
abagore be n'izindi nkoramutima ze, ngo abone uko akomeza ubutegetsi bwe. Nguko
uko UNAR yari ifite isura mbi mu banyarwanda kuva muri 1959
yiyuburuyemo FPR ngo ijijishe abanyarwanda ko ari umutwe mushya uvutse,
inabacira amarenga y'ibyo yari ibahishiye ariko ntibabyumva rugikubita,
basobanukirwa mazuku yabageze hejuru!
3.
Amacakubiri mu bambari ba
FPR
Mu kuvuka kwa
FPR hari ikibazo cy'ingutu cyahise kigaragaza mu biyitaga ko bashaka kubohoza u
Rwanda: bamwe mu bari muri LUNARI bifuzaga ko umwami KigaliV Ndahindurwa, asubirana umwanya we w'ubwami kuko aricyo
bamye baharanira kuva batera u Rwanda muri 1962, bakongeraho ko intego
n'ingengabitekerezo bya UNAR bidahinduka aribyo byo kwimakaza akarengane
n'agasuzuguro byakorerwaga rubanda rugufi, bikaba byarabaye intandaro ya
revolisiyo yo muri 1959.
Abandi nabo
babonaga ko izo ndangagaciro z'ubwami zakomeza ariko mu yindi shusho, ijambo ubwami
rikavaho, ahubwo bagashyiraho uburyo buhanitse bwo gucengeza amatwara yabo muri
rubanda n'igisoda gikomeye ku buryo rubanda rugufi itazapfa isubiranye
ubutegetsi! Ibyo bikubiye mucyo bise umugambi wo mungingo umunani(Eight
Point Plan). Aba banyuma rero nibo baje gutsinda barangajwe imbere naTito
Rutaremara na Fred Rwigyema. Ubwo Kigeri wareze aba basore, abakira inkunga mu
miryango mpuzamahanga baba baramuhegetse kuko abenshi muri aba ba nyuma
bamushinjaga ko atakoze uko ashoboye muri 1959 ngo aburizemo igera ry'abahutu
ku butegetsi!
Havuka akandi
gatsiko kadashaka kuzabona umuntu witwa umuhutu aho kazaba kari hose, aka
kakaba kari kayobowe na Kagame Paul.
Kubera iyi ngengabitekerezo ye yashoboraga gutuma bamenyekana abo aribo
bidatinze, no kuba bagenzi be baramushinjaga amacakubiri, akagerekaho ko yari
yarazanye muri Uganda sebukwe Murefu bashinjaga ko anekera Kinani dore
ko ngo yari yarabikoze igihe kinini i Burundi aho yabaga n'umukobwa we Nyiramongi
Jeannette muka Kagame. Ibi rero byatumye bikiza Kagame igihe cyo gutera
u Rwanda kigiye kugera kuko bangaga ko azabavangira, bamusabira kujya kwiga
muri USA ibya gisirikare, naho umugore we Nyiramongi Jeannette aboneza iya
Buruseli mu Bubiligi.
Kagame ageze
muri USA, ubwo abandi babaga bariho biga, we yabaga ari mu bugambanyi bwo
kwirenza Major General Fred Rwigyema wari wagizwe umugaba mukuru w'Inkotanyi.
Igitero cy'inkotanyi ku Rwanda cyatangiye 1/10/1990, Rwijyema yicwa kuri
2/10/1990 na bagegenzi be ku bugambanyi bwa Kagame, wahise ava iyo bari bamuhegetse
akamusimbura mu kintu kimeze nka kudeta. Umuntu yakwibaza byinshi muri iyi
filimu : ese mama, Kagame niwe wari ufite ipeti rikuru, ese mama niwe wari
warize kurusha abandi, aha tukibutsa ko Kagame atarangije ayisumbuye naho
Kayumba Nyamwasa akaba yari arangije Kaminuza
ya Makerere, n'abandi benshi bari bafite impamyabushobozi zo hejuru
zihanitse n'izikirenga bari mu gisoda cya FPR. Ibi iyo ubibajije bariya basoda
bakuru bahunze Kagame barya iminwa, ariko ikigaragara ni uko abamugiye inyuma
bari bazi ububi bwe ko azabakiza ikibazo cy'abahutu burundu, bari bazi ibyo
yari yarakoreye Abagande igihe yayoboraga rumwe mu nzego z'umutekano, aho bari
baramuhimbye PILATO kubera iyicarubozo yakoreraga
Abagande. Uguhitamo nabi rero kwa FPR biri mu biyikozeho nkuko tuzabibona mu
gice cya kabiri gitaha.
NKUSI Yozefu
Shikamaye.blogspot.no
SKUD
Ubutaha tuzabagezaho mu gice cya kabiri: ukuntu FPR ari nkawa mugezi w'isuri wisiba
-----------------------------------------
UMUGEREKA
1.Reba ku mugereka uri kuri iyi nyandiko, ingengabitekerezo
FPR yigisha mu mashuri no mu baturage ibinyujije ku gisoda cyayo.
INGABO
2nd Winner : Lt Jean de Dieu
NTAMUHANGA
Imyaka 50 irashize
Taliki ya 1 Nyakanga 1962 taliki ya 1
Nyakanga 2012,yubire y’imyaka 50 y’ubwigenge,isabukuru y’imyaka 18 yo
kwibohora,bifite ikintu gikomeye bisobanuye mu mateka y’u Rwanda,niyo mpamvu
dusabwa gusubiza amaso inyuma tukigira ku mateka dutegura ejo hazaza heza.
Tariki 1 Nyakanga 1962 ni itariki u
Rwanda rwabonyeho ubwigenge, ariko bamwe mu Banyarwanda bari mu Rwanda muri iyo
myaka basanga u Rwanda rutarabonye ubwigenge nyabwo ahubwo bwari mu magambo
gusa.Mubyukuri dore uko byagenze: Urubuga rw’itangazamakuru Wikipedia rutubwira
ko mu w’1956 Umwani Mutara wa III Rudahigwa, yagiye mumuryango wabibumbye (
Loni) gusaba ubwigenge bw’u Rwanda, mugihe bamwe mu banyapoliki ( bicyo gihe)
bafatanyije na Kiliziya gatolika bigishaga macakubiri.
Abanyamateka batandukanye banditse ku
mateka y’u Rwanda, batugaragariza ko ku itariki ya 27 Nyakanga 1959 umwami
Mutara wa III Rudahigwa yagiye I Bujumbura ari kumwe n’umukarani we Muhikira
Eugene nyuma bakumva ngo yapfuye kandi agenda yari muzima adataka
n’igicurane.Urupfu rw’iyi ntwari ( umwami Rudahigwa) rwatunguye Abanyarwanda
benshi, bituma bibaza niba yishwe n’Abazungu kuko batari bakivuga rumwe
kumpamvu z’ubwigenge yakaga muri Loni.
Nyuma y’urupfu rwa Mutara III Rudahigwa
mu mwaka w’1959, habaye icyo bise impinduramatwara izi kwizina rya “Revolisiyo
ya 59”,ibi bihe byaranzwe n’ubwicanyi bwibasiye Abanyarwanda bo mu bwoko bw’
Abatutsi utaretse no kubanyaga ibyabo ndetse no kubatwikira.Ubu bwicanyi bwaje
gukaza umurego mu mwaka w’1960 aho bavugaga ko Abatutsi bishe Umwami noneho
rubanda ry’umwami rukaba rwaragombaga kumuhorera,ibyo ngo bigasobanura impamvu
nyirizina y’iyicwa ry’Abatutsi muri uwo mwaka.Muri icyo gihe (1959-1960 )dore
uko ubwicanyi bwakorwaga :“barazaga bagatwika inzu ushatse gutsimbarara
bakakwica”, icyo gihe Abatutsi benshi bahise bahunga.
Abanyamateka bavuga kandi ko muri 1960,
ubwo umwami Kigeli yari mu ruzinduko i Kinshasa (Kongo), mu Rwanda hahise haba
coup d’Etat izwi ku izina rya “Coup d’Etat ya Gitarama”.Iyi coup d’Etat (ya
Gitarama), yirukanaga umwami ku ngoma yateguwe n’Umubiligi Colonel Registe
wayoboraga u Rwanda afatanijje na Kayibanda ndetse na Mbonyumutwa n’abandi
barwanashyaka ba Parmehutu. Nibwo bashyizeho Mbonyumutwa ngo ayobore Repubulika
y’u Rwanda yari ivutse, Kayibanda aba Minisitiri w’Intebe. Icyo gihe kandi
Umwami yamenyeshejwe ko atagomba kugaruka mu Rwanda.
Nk’uko bivugwa n’umwami Kigeli muri
filimi yitwa “le Rwanda et le Colonel” Umwami Kigeli yumvise ko loni yemeye
kamarampaka , agaruka mu gihugu ariko ngo akigera i Kigali Ababiligi bahise
bamwuriza indege imujyana Bujumbura.Ubwo habaga kamarampaka mu Nzeri mu w’1960,
ishimangira ko ubwami budashakwa mu Rwanda, ibyabaga byose byakorwaga
n’Ababiligi bafatanyije na Parmehutu.
Mu Kwakira mu mwaka w’1960 ,Gregoire
Kayibanda yabaye Perezida wa Repubulika, gusa ikintu gikomeye kandi abantu
bagomba kumenya n’uko ubuyobozi bwe butigeze buharanira gushaka ubwigenge bw’u
Rwanda nkuko bamwe babyibeshya kuko nta bushobozi nabuke yari afite bwo
kirukana Ababiligi babumuteretseho.
Ababizi neza bemeza ko ubutegetsi bwa
Kayibanda butashakaga kwirukana abazungu (Ababirigi), Abatutsi batarava mu
Rwanda,nkuko amasomo yigishwaga muri iyo myaka abigaragaza ;ku bwa
Kayibanda,bavugaga ko: “Abatutsi ari abakoloni bagomba kugenda mbere y’uko
abakoloni b’Ababiligi baje nyuma bagenda”.
Nk’uko tubikesha urubuga rwa Wikipedia,
agashami ka Loni(Conseil de tutelle de l’ONU) kari karashyiriweho gushaka
ubwigenge ibihugu byakoronizwaga niko ubwako kinginzeumukoroni w’ u mubiligi
ngo ahe u Rwanda ubwigenge.U Rwanda ruba rubonye ubwigenge gutyo tariki ya 1
Nyakanga 1962, Perezida Gregoire Kayibanda akomeza kuba Perezida wa Repubulika
y’u Rwanda.
Umuntu asesenguye neza usanga u Rwanda ntabwigenge nyirizina
bwuzuye bwabonye ahubwo habaye ubwigenge bwa nyirarureshwa ubwigenge bwo mu
magambo gusa.Ariko ibi ntabwo arumwihariko w’u Rwanda gusa kuko henshi mu
bihugu bitandukanye haba muri Afrika muri Amerika ndetse n’Aziya abakoloni
ntibahwemye kutavuga rumwe n’abaharaniraga ubwigenge bw’ibihugu byabo.
Dore ingero zifatika: Muri Afurika y’Epfo
Nelson Mandela yafunzwe imyaka 27.Muri Repubulika iharanira Demokarasi ya
Congo, Patrice Lumumba Ababiligi baramwivuganye izuba riva muri Mutarama
1961.Mu Buhinde, Mahatma Gandhi Abongereza ,bamwangaga urunuka.
Tugarutse kubirebana n’igihugu cyacu cy’u
Rwanda ukwezi kwa Nyakanga mu mateka y’abanyarwanda gufite umwihariko wako,muri
aka kanya nkaba ngirango turebere hamwe ibyagiye biranga “Nyakanga kanga
amabuguma” nk’uko abakurambere bacu bayitaga.
Taliki
ya mbere Nyakanga 1962 U Rwanda rwabonye
ubwigenge ariko bukoreshwa nabi abenshi mu bana bu Rwanda behezwa mu byiza ubwo
bwigenege bwari buzanye,(bameneshwa mu gihugu,abandi baricwa,utaretse n’ibindi
bikorwa by’urukozasoni). Ikoreshwa nabi ry’ubwigenge igihugu cyacu cyabonye
ryaranzwe n’akarengane ndengakamere muri Repubulika ya mbere n’iya kabiri .
Taliki
5 Nyakanga 1973, nyuma y’imyaka 11 igihugu
cyacu kibonye ubwigenge Habyarimana Juvenal yakuyeho ubutegetsi bwa Gergoire
Kayibanda.Uyu nawe aho kugirango akosore amakosa yose y’uwamubanjirije ahubwo
yakomerejeho ndetse we biza no kurenga urugero bigera aho ibyiza by’igihugu
biba akarima ke hamwe n’abambari be!
Taliki
ya 4 Nyakanga 1994, ibi byose byaje guhagarara
nyuma y’imivu y’amaraso y’inzirakarengane (Genocide yakorewe
Abatutsi),ihagaritse n’umuryango wa FPR inkotanyi nyuma yo kurwana intambara yo
kwibohoza yamaze imyaka ine.
Kuva 1994 kugeza kuri uyu munsi wa none
(2012),umunsi w’U bwigenge wizihizwaga ukwawo n’umunsi wo kwibohoza ukizizwa
ukwawo.Nyuma yo gukosora amakosa yakozwe na Perezida Kayibanda na Habyarimana
umunsi wo kwibohoza uyu mwaka (2012) uzizihirizwa rimwe n’umunsi w’ubwigenge
taliki ya 1 Nyakanga, tuzaba twizihiza isabukuru y’imyaka 50 twigenze n’imyaka
18 twibohoye.
Nkuko tubikesha MINALOC uyu munsi mukuru uzaba ari umunsi mukuru
udasanzwe mu mateka y’U Rwanda,tukaba tuboneyeho umwanya wo kwifuriza
Abanyarwanda bose yubire nziza y’imyaka 50 y’ubwigenge,isabukuru nziza y’imyaka
18 yo kwibohora, bizadufashe kwisuzuma dutekereze aho tuvuye,aho tugeze naho
twerekeza.
Yubire
nziza n’isabukuru nziza kuri buri wese.
Aho byavuye: http://ingabomagazine.com/amashimwe/essays-on-liberation2nd-winner-lt-jean-de-dieu-ntamuhanga.html
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Muvandimwe, nshuti ya SHIKAMA, turagushimira cyane umuganda utanga wo kubaka URWANDA rushya ubinyujije mu bitekerezo byawe( Komanteri). Kugirango turwanye urukungu rw'Agatsiko ni ngombwa ko buri komanteri ibanza gusuzumwa. Yohereze, irahita ijya ku rubuga mu minota mike niba idatandukira( kuvuga ibitajyanye n'inyandiko), itukana, cyangwa yuzuyemo uburere buke.
Wipfusha komanteri yawe ubusa ukoresha "ANONYMOUS", himba izina urikomeze kuko hari ibihembo mu Kuboza 2016 ku bantu 3 bazaba babaye indashyikirwa mu gutanga ibitekerezo. Dukomeje kubashimira ubwitange n'umurava muhorana. IMANA Y'I RWANDA ihorane namwe iminsi yose.
Dg NKUSI Yozefu
www.shikamaye.blogspot.com
Uharanire ko Ukuri gusimbura ikinyoma.
Email: mahoriwacu@gmail.com; tel: +4745564355