RWANDA.REVOLISIYO “IKARAMU” MU GUHAMBIRIZA FPR NYUMA Y'IMYAKA 55 IMAZE IJUJUBYA ABANYARWANDA

Ibendera ry'u Rwanda
ryazamuwe igihe
cy'ubwigenge

( Igice cya mbere)

Nubwo FPR  Inkotanyi imaze iminsi ikoresha utwarasisi hirya no hino mu gihugu ndetse no mu bambari bayo bari mu mahanga ngo irizihiza isabukuru y'imyaka 25 imaze ishinzwe, abayizi mu mavuka muri 1959 no    mabyiruka  ,  bemeza ko yageze ku irunduro nkuko Kagame aherutse kuburira abambari bayo ko bageze kuri MUTELEMUKO( aharindimuka).Uyu mutwe rero wa MAFIA ukaba ugomba guhagurutswa ku ntebe y'ikinyoma na Revolisiyo" IKARAMU."

Mbere ya byose ndagirango twumvikane ku magambo turi bukoreshe tutazakomeza kugwa mu mitego y'udutsiko duharanira inyungu zatwo, buri gihe twitwaza amoko ngo tugere ku migambi yatwo mibisha.

1.Ishyaka UNAR: ishyaka ry'agatsiko kaharaniraga ko ubwami bugumaho muri 1959 mu Rwanda, aha ntihagire uvuga ko ryari ishyaka ry'abatutsi kuko bose siko bari baririmo, hari abari mu yandi mashyaka nka RADER;  2. Muri 1987 UNAR yiyuburuyemo FPR nayo ikaba   ari ishyaka ry'agatsiko  k'abasahuzi kabeshya ko kavugira abatutsi ariko byagaragaye ko gaharanira inyungu zako bwite n'iza ba Kozivuze Rutemayeze. Niyo mpamvu rero nza gukoresha imvugo udutsiko aho gukoresha amoko kuko abo bombi nta bwoko na bumwe bahagarariye mu Rwanda; 3. FPR ni Kagame na Kagame akaba FPR.

1.      UNAR(RANU) ivuka.

 Uwavuga ko FPR ari ishyaka rishya yaba yibeshya cyane! Muby' ukuri iri shyaka ryavutse mu nkundura y'amashyaka yo muri 1955-1959  hamwe na za APROSOMA( Association Pour la Promotion de la Masse)  yashinzwe kuri 1/11/1957,  RADER( Rassemblement Démocratique Républicain) yavutse kuri 14/9/1959, MDR PARMEHUTU(Le Parti du Mouvemnt Pour l'émancipation Hutu) yavutse kuri 18/10/1959 yaje kuvamo Mouvement démocratique Républicain (MDR PARMEHUTU) kuri 8/5/1960.

Naho ishyaka rya UNAR(Union Nationale Rwandaise) rikaba ryaravutse kuri 3/9/1959, abaturage basanzwe bakaba bararyitaga  LUNARI mu kinyarwanda;  rikaba ryari ritsimbaraye ku bwami ariko hakabaho ubwigenge.  Iri shyaka ryagiye rirangwa n'ubutagondwa bukabije mu buyobozi no mu bayoboke  ku buryo ku italiki ya 1/11/1959, abasore b'abatutsi bigabije umwe mu basushefu b'abahutu bari baratowe bwa mbere mu mateka y'i Bwami, muri 1956, ariwe Mbonyumutwa Dominiko bashaka kumwica nkuko bari bamaze iminsi babikorera abahutu banyuranye hirya no hino mu gihugu, ariko kubera ko yari umugabo w'ibigango abasha kubacika. Nibwo hakwiriye mu gihugu hose inkuru ivuga ko Mbonyumutwa yishwe, hatangira imidugararo mu gihugu hose kuva ubwo, abantu baricwa , inzu ziratwikwa, ibi bikaba byarakomeje kugeza kuri 1/7/1962, italiki y'ubwigenge bw'u Rwanda.

 Nanone twabibutsa ko iri shyaka ariryo ryanze ibyari byavuye mu matora  ya Kamarampaka yo muri 25/9/1961 rifantanyije na RADER, iyi Kamarampaka ikaba yerekanaga ko abanyarwanda badashaka ingoma ya gihake, ahubwo bashaka Demokrasi muri Republika. Abari batsimbaraye ku matwara y'iri shyaka rya LUNARI nibo bahungiye mu mahanga bakomeza gukora uko bashoboye kugirango basubirane ubutegetsi ku ngufu. Aha niho havuye ibitero byabiyise Inyenzi( Ingangurarugo ziyemeje kuba ingenzi) byibasiye za Nshili, Bweyeye, Bugesera, Bugarama,  Ibirunga, n'ahandi henshi kuva muri 1962 nyuma y'amezi ane y'ubwigenge kugeza muri 1967.

2.      UNAR(NARU) yiyubururamo FPR

UNAR, imaze gutsindwa yaje kwicamo ibice, bimwe bikorera mu Burundi, ibindi muri Uganda, Tanzania na Kenya; aba bakoreraga mu bihugu bivuga icyongereza nka Uganda bitaga UNAR, NARU. Kugirango kariya gatsiko kashakaga kugaruka ku butegetsi kabigereho, kashishikarije abasore b'abanyarwanda babaga  mu nkambi z'impunzi mu bihugu bihana imbibe n'u Rwanda, kujya ku rugamba rwo gushyira umuhima Kaguta    Yoweri Museveni ku butegetsi ari nako biyegeranya ngo bongere bunge bya bice binyuranye bya UNAR( NARU) maze bazongere batere u Rwanda basubirane ubutegetsi ku ngufu. Niyo mpamvu ibyo bice binyuranye bya UNAR byateraniye muri Kongere idasanzwe i Nairobi bakiga uburyo bashyiraho biro politike yo gushaka uko bashora intambara mu Rwanda ngo bagere ku butegetsi.

Ubuyobozi bw'iyo biro politike bwahise buhabwa Tito Rutaremara, uyu akaba yarahise ajya muri Uganda mu Gushyingo 1987 kubonana n'ubuyobozi bukuru bwa NRM( National Resistance Movement) , ishyaka rya Museveni wari umaze umwaka afashe ubutegetsi muri Uganda abifashijwemo n'abanyarwanda b'impunzi. Icyo gihe Tito RUTAREMARA  n'umunyamabanga mukuru w'ishyaka, MOROVE Protazi bumvishijwe ko abatutsi bafite imyanya ikomeye mu bihugu barimo batayita aribo bagomba guha ubushobozi urugamba no kuzavamo abakada(Cadres) nyuma y'intsinzi, ahubwo bakohereza abanyeshuri bakajya mu nkambi z'impunzi aho ziri hose muri Uganda n'ahandi bagashaka abasore bajya ku rugamba.

 Aba banyeshuri batanze raporo yabo mu Gushyingo 1987 yemerwa na kongre ya Kane  ya UNAR yo  kuri 24-26 Kuboza 1987 yabereye i Kampala, ari nayo yahise itegeka ko ibyiza ari uko iryo shyaka ryahindura izina kubera isura mbi ryasize mu mitwe y'abanyarwanda   maze rikitwa RPF ( Rwanda Patriotic Front) nk'ishyaka n'umutwe wa gisirikare witwa RPA(Rwanda Patriotic Army), bagashyiraho  n'akazina k'ikinyarwanda kereka abanyarwanda abo aribo:"INKOTANYI", iri rikaba ari izina ry'iribyiniriro ryahimbwe Umwami Rwabugiri(wategetse u Rwanda 1853-1895) kubera intambara z'urudaca yagiye ashoza hirya no hino cyane cyane mu bihugu byari muri Uganda y'ubu n'ibindi byari muri RDCongo y'ubu.

Uyu Rwabugiri, akaba yarayogoje amahanga, akica abantu batabarika ngo aragura u Rwanda. Ariko amaze gupfa aho yari yarafashe hose muri Uganda, Republika iharanira Demokrasi ya Congo, na Tanzania hambuwe u Rwanda, ndetse ibihugu byinsi byo mu majyaruguru y'U Rwanda (Ruhengeri na Gisenyi) byigomeka ku mwami w'u Rwanda Musinga, wifashishije abadage ngo agaruze turiya turere.Aba banyarwanda rero bita FPR Inkotanyi bacaga amarenga y'ibyo bari bagiye   gukorera u Rwanda: kumena amaraso nka Rwabugiri utaratinye no kwica nyina Murorunkwere, bene se batatu , baramu be, abagore be n'izindi nkoramutima ze, ngo abone uko akomeza ubutegetsi bwe. Nguko uko UNAR yari ifite isura mbi mu banyarwanda kuva muri 1959 yiyuburuyemo FPR ngo ijijishe abanyarwanda ko ari umutwe mushya uvutse, inabacira amarenga y'ibyo yari ibahishiye ariko ntibabyumva rugikubita, basobanukirwa mazuku yabageze hejuru!

3.      Amacakubiri mu bambari ba FPR

Mu kuvuka kwa FPR hari ikibazo cy'ingutu cyahise kigaragaza mu biyitaga ko bashaka kubohoza u Rwanda: bamwe mu bari muri LUNARI bifuzaga ko umwami KigaliV Ndahindurwa,  asubirana umwanya we w'ubwami kuko aricyo bamye baharanira kuva batera u Rwanda muri 1962, bakongeraho ko intego n'ingengabitekerezo bya UNAR bidahinduka aribyo byo kwimakaza akarengane n'agasuzuguro byakorerwaga rubanda rugufi, bikaba byarabaye intandaro ya revolisiyo yo muri 1959.

Abandi nabo babonaga ko izo ndangagaciro z'ubwami zakomeza ariko mu yindi shusho, ijambo ubwami rikavaho, ahubwo bagashyiraho uburyo buhanitse bwo gucengeza amatwara yabo muri rubanda n'igisoda gikomeye ku buryo rubanda rugufi itazapfa isubiranye ubutegetsi! Ibyo bikubiye mucyo bise umugambi wo mungingo umunani(Eight Point Plan). Aba banyuma rero nibo baje gutsinda barangajwe imbere naTito Rutaremara na Fred Rwigyema. Ubwo Kigeri wareze aba basore, abakira inkunga mu miryango mpuzamahanga baba baramuhegetse kuko abenshi muri aba ba nyuma bamushinjaga ko atakoze uko ashoboye muri 1959 ngo aburizemo igera ry'abahutu ku butegetsi!

Havuka akandi gatsiko kadashaka kuzabona umuntu witwa umuhutu aho kazaba kari hose, aka kakaba kari kayobowe na Kagame Paul. Kubera iyi ngengabitekerezo ye yashoboraga gutuma bamenyekana abo aribo bidatinze, no kuba bagenzi be baramushinjaga amacakubiri, akagerekaho ko yari yarazanye muri Uganda sebukwe Murefu bashinjaga ko anekera Kinani dore ko ngo yari yarabikoze igihe kinini i Burundi aho yabaga n'umukobwa we Nyiramongi Jeannette muka Kagame. Ibi rero byatumye bikiza Kagame igihe cyo gutera u Rwanda kigiye kugera kuko bangaga ko azabavangira, bamusabira kujya kwiga muri USA ibya gisirikare, naho umugore we Nyiramongi Jeannette aboneza iya Buruseli mu Bubiligi.

Kagame ageze muri USA, ubwo abandi babaga bariho biga, we yabaga ari mu bugambanyi bwo kwirenza Major General Fred Rwigyema wari wagizwe umugaba mukuru w'Inkotanyi. Igitero cy'inkotanyi ku Rwanda cyatangiye 1/10/1990, Rwijyema yicwa kuri 2/10/1990 na bagegenzi be ku bugambanyi bwa Kagame, wahise ava iyo bari bamuhegetse akamusimbura mu kintu kimeze nka kudeta. Umuntu yakwibaza byinshi muri iyi filimu : ese mama, Kagame niwe wari ufite ipeti rikuru, ese mama niwe wari warize kurusha abandi, aha tukibutsa ko Kagame atarangije ayisumbuye naho Kayumba Nyamwasa akaba yari arangije Kaminuza  ya Makerere, n'abandi benshi bari bafite impamyabushobozi zo hejuru zihanitse n'izikirenga bari mu gisoda cya FPR. Ibi iyo ubibajije bariya basoda bakuru bahunze Kagame barya iminwa, ariko ikigaragara ni uko abamugiye inyuma bari bazi ububi bwe ko azabakiza ikibazo cy'abahutu burundu, bari bazi ibyo yari yarakoreye Abagande igihe yayoboraga rumwe mu nzego z'umutekano, aho bari baramuhimbye PILATO kubera iyicarubozo yakoreraga Abagande. Uguhitamo nabi rero kwa FPR biri mu biyikozeho nkuko tuzabibona mu gice cya kabiri gitaha.

  NKUSI Yozefu

  Shikamaye.blogspot.no

  SKUD

 Ubutaha tuzabagezaho mu gice cya kabiri:  ukuntu FPR ari nkawa mugezi w'isuri wisiba

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UMUGEREKA

1.Reba ku mugereka uri kuri iyi nyandiko, ingengabitekerezo FPR yigisha mu mashuri no mu baturage ibinyujije ku gisoda cyayo.

                                     INGABO                                               

2nd Winner : Lt Jean de Dieu NTAMUHANGA

Imyaka 50 irashize

Taliki ya 1 Nyakanga 1962 taliki ya 1 Nyakanga 2012,yubire y’imyaka 50 y’ubwigenge,isabukuru y’imyaka 18 yo kwibohora,bifite ikintu gikomeye bisobanuye mu mateka y’u Rwanda,niyo mpamvu dusabwa gusubiza amaso inyuma tukigira ku mateka dutegura ejo hazaza heza.

Tariki 1 Nyakanga 1962 ni itariki u Rwanda rwabonyeho ubwigenge, ariko bamwe mu Banyarwanda bari mu Rwanda muri iyo myaka basanga u Rwanda rutarabonye ubwigenge nyabwo ahubwo bwari mu magambo gusa.Mubyukuri dore uko byagenze: Urubuga rw’itangazamakuru Wikipedia rutubwira ko mu w’1956 Umwani Mutara wa III Rudahigwa, yagiye mumuryango wabibumbye ( Loni) gusaba ubwigenge bw’u Rwanda, mugihe bamwe mu banyapoliki ( bicyo gihe) bafatanyije na Kiliziya gatolika bigishaga macakubiri.

Abanyamateka batandukanye banditse ku mateka y’u Rwanda, batugaragariza ko ku itariki ya 27 Nyakanga 1959 umwami Mutara wa III Rudahigwa yagiye I Bujumbura ari kumwe n’umukarani we Muhikira Eugene nyuma bakumva ngo yapfuye kandi agenda yari muzima adataka n’igicurane.Urupfu rw’iyi ntwari ( umwami Rudahigwa) rwatunguye Abanyarwanda benshi, bituma bibaza niba yishwe n’Abazungu kuko batari bakivuga rumwe kumpamvu z’ubwigenge yakaga muri Loni.

Nyuma y’urupfu rwa Mutara III Rudahigwa mu mwaka w’1959, habaye icyo bise impinduramatwara izi kwizina rya “Revolisiyo ya 59”,ibi bihe byaranzwe n’ubwicanyi bwibasiye Abanyarwanda bo mu bwoko bw’ Abatutsi utaretse no kubanyaga ibyabo ndetse no kubatwikira.Ubu bwicanyi bwaje gukaza umurego mu mwaka w’1960 aho bavugaga ko Abatutsi bishe Umwami noneho rubanda ry’umwami rukaba rwaragombaga kumuhorera,ibyo ngo bigasobanura impamvu nyirizina y’iyicwa ry’Abatutsi muri uwo mwaka.Muri icyo gihe (1959-1960 )dore uko ubwicanyi bwakorwaga :“barazaga bagatwika inzu ushatse gutsimbarara bakakwica”, icyo gihe Abatutsi benshi bahise bahunga.

Abanyamateka bavuga kandi ko muri 1960, ubwo umwami Kigeli yari mu ruzinduko i Kinshasa (Kongo), mu Rwanda hahise haba coup d’Etat izwi ku izina rya “Coup d’Etat ya Gitarama”.Iyi coup d’Etat (ya Gitarama), yirukanaga umwami ku ngoma yateguwe n’Umubiligi Colonel Registe wayoboraga u Rwanda afatanijje na Kayibanda ndetse na Mbonyumutwa n’abandi barwanashyaka ba Parmehutu. Nibwo bashyizeho Mbonyumutwa ngo ayobore Repubulika y’u Rwanda yari ivutse, Kayibanda aba Minisitiri w’Intebe. Icyo gihe kandi Umwami yamenyeshejwe ko atagomba kugaruka mu Rwanda.

Nk’uko bivugwa n’umwami Kigeli muri filimi yitwa “le Rwanda et le Colonel” Umwami Kigeli yumvise ko loni yemeye kamarampaka , agaruka mu gihugu ariko ngo akigera i Kigali Ababiligi bahise bamwuriza indege imujyana Bujumbura.Ubwo habaga kamarampaka mu Nzeri mu w’1960, ishimangira ko ubwami budashakwa mu Rwanda, ibyabaga byose byakorwaga n’Ababiligi bafatanyije na Parmehutu.

Mu Kwakira mu mwaka w’1960 ,Gregoire Kayibanda yabaye Perezida wa Repubulika, gusa ikintu gikomeye kandi abantu bagomba kumenya n’uko ubuyobozi bwe butigeze buharanira gushaka ubwigenge bw’u Rwanda nkuko bamwe babyibeshya kuko nta bushobozi nabuke yari afite bwo kirukana Ababiligi babumuteretseho.

Ababizi neza bemeza ko ubutegetsi bwa Kayibanda butashakaga kwirukana abazungu (Ababirigi), Abatutsi batarava mu Rwanda,nkuko amasomo yigishwaga muri iyo myaka abigaragaza ;ku bwa Kayibanda,bavugaga ko: “Abatutsi ari abakoloni bagomba kugenda mbere y’uko abakoloni b’Ababiligi baje nyuma bagenda”.

Nk’uko tubikesha urubuga rwa Wikipedia, agashami ka Loni(Conseil de tutelle de l’ONU) kari karashyiriweho gushaka ubwigenge ibihugu byakoronizwaga niko ubwako kinginzeumukoroni w’ u mubiligi ngo ahe u Rwanda ubwigenge.U Rwanda ruba rubonye ubwigenge gutyo tariki ya 1 Nyakanga 1962, Perezida Gregoire Kayibanda akomeza kuba Perezida wa Repubulika y’u Rwanda.

 Umuntu asesenguye neza usanga u Rwanda ntabwigenge nyirizina bwuzuye bwabonye ahubwo habaye ubwigenge bwa nyirarureshwa ubwigenge bwo mu magambo gusa.Ariko ibi ntabwo arumwihariko w’u Rwanda gusa kuko henshi mu bihugu bitandukanye haba muri Afrika muri Amerika ndetse n’Aziya abakoloni ntibahwemye kutavuga rumwe n’abaharaniraga ubwigenge bw’ibihugu byabo.

Dore ingero zifatika: Muri Afurika y’Epfo Nelson Mandela yafunzwe imyaka 27.Muri Repubulika iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo, Patrice Lumumba Ababiligi baramwivuganye izuba riva muri Mutarama 1961.Mu Buhinde, Mahatma Gandhi Abongereza ,bamwangaga urunuka.

Tugarutse kubirebana n’igihugu cyacu cy’u Rwanda ukwezi kwa Nyakanga mu mateka y’abanyarwanda gufite umwihariko wako,muri aka kanya nkaba ngirango turebere hamwe ibyagiye biranga “Nyakanga kanga amabuguma” nk’uko abakurambere bacu bayitaga.

Taliki ya mbere Nyakanga 1962 U Rwanda rwabonye ubwigenge ariko bukoreshwa nabi abenshi mu bana bu Rwanda behezwa mu byiza ubwo bwigenege bwari buzanye,(bameneshwa mu gihugu,abandi baricwa,utaretse n’ibindi bikorwa by’urukozasoni). Ikoreshwa nabi ry’ubwigenge igihugu cyacu cyabonye ryaranzwe n’akarengane ndengakamere muri Repubulika ya mbere n’iya kabiri .

Taliki 5 Nyakanga 1973, nyuma y’imyaka 11 igihugu cyacu kibonye ubwigenge Habyarimana Juvenal yakuyeho ubutegetsi bwa Gergoire Kayibanda.Uyu nawe aho kugirango akosore amakosa yose y’uwamubanjirije ahubwo yakomerejeho ndetse we biza no kurenga urugero bigera aho ibyiza by’igihugu biba akarima ke hamwe n’abambari be!

Taliki ya 4 Nyakanga 1994, ibi byose byaje guhagarara nyuma y’imivu y’amaraso y’inzirakarengane (Genocide yakorewe Abatutsi),ihagaritse n’umuryango wa FPR inkotanyi nyuma yo kurwana intambara yo kwibohoza yamaze imyaka ine.

Kuva 1994 kugeza kuri uyu munsi wa none (2012),umunsi w’U bwigenge wizihizwaga ukwawo n’umunsi wo kwibohoza ukizizwa ukwawo.Nyuma yo gukosora amakosa yakozwe na Perezida Kayibanda na Habyarimana umunsi wo kwibohoza uyu mwaka (2012) uzizihirizwa rimwe n’umunsi w’ubwigenge taliki ya 1 Nyakanga, tuzaba twizihiza isabukuru y’imyaka 50 twigenze n’imyaka 18 twibohoye.

Nkuko tubikesha MINALOC uyu munsi mukuru uzaba ari umunsi mukuru udasanzwe mu mateka y’U Rwanda,tukaba tuboneyeho umwanya wo kwifuriza Abanyarwanda bose yubire nziza y’imyaka 50 y’ubwigenge,isabukuru nziza y’imyaka 18 yo kwibohora, bizadufashe kwisuzuma dutekereze aho tuvuye,aho tugeze naho twerekeza.

Yubire nziza n’isabukuru nziza kuri buri wese.

Aho byavuye: http://ingabomagazine.com/amashimwe/essays-on-liberation2nd-winner-lt-jean-de-dieu-ntamuhanga.html